NASA's continued inability to launch a cargo shuttle is beginning to concern the international community. Countries like Japan are waiting patiently to send modules and equipment to the International Space Station.
Japan, one of 16 nations involved, has spent more than $3 billion on space station vehicles and modules including a laboratory named Kibo -- Japanese for "hope."
Kibo now sits -- along with Europe's Columbus module, a connecting node, station trusses, solar arrays, and a sparkling seven-sided cupola window -- in a hangar at Florida's Kennedy Space Center, not too far from where NASA is troubleshooting Discovery.
"It is a concern," said Japan's space station program manager Kuniaki Shiraki, who was at the space center last week to watch Japan's Soichi Noguchi and six NASA astronauts blast off aboard Discovery to resume servicing and resupplying the orbital outpost.
The International Space Station is a joint effort between 16 countries, but the US has the lead role in carrying parts into orbit. Construction of the ISS has all but stopped while NASA's fleet has been grounded, and the US may not be able to complete its promised role in finishing the station.
Shuttles are due to be retired by 2010, leaving little time to finish the station, which before the accident had been set to get 28 shuttle missions.
NASA is now looking to fly 20 missions to the station at best, and more likely about 15, said NASA administrator Michael Griffin.
Even getting those flights off the ground, however, will depend on the effectiveness of the shuttle's new tank and other post-Columbia safety changes, he added.
Crucial to resuming station assembly is for NASA to be able to drop a requirement to have a second shuttle on standby in case a rescue mission is needed.
With countries like China now sending manned flights into orbit and US firms working on private and commercial space travel, how long will it be before NASA becomes obsolete?
Metaverse said:
I think NASA is just being very cautious because they don't want anymore disasters happening.
Ya think?
Nobody's questioning why NASA isn't continuing shuttle missions, just pointing out that it's not good. I'm not saying they should rush a shuttle mission and possibly put any astronauts at unnecessary risk, but man, it'd be nice if they could keep those things from falling apart...or if they had, you know, a replacement for them in the works.
If NASA were a private company, it would have found itself bought and liquidated long ago, with its best "products" carried over to a new company's line. As it is now, it can't try and do too many new things, because it has to assign much of its budget to supporting old and crufty products.
I'd like to see NASA continue to exist, experimenting with new things, but also letting go of the past and letting private industry take over where it makes sense.
Realize it probably isn't NASA as much as the politicians which fund, or rather tend to fail to fund, NASA which are cutting into their ability to keep doing things as rapidly as in the past. The government is no longer as willing as it once was to put billions of dollars at risk for something they feel gives us no real benefits. Not too surprising considering how we're falling behind in other scientific fields as well because the government utterly fails to recognize the importance of them and their future applications.
while i do see where the international community is coming from; they've invested a lot of money too, nasa has a very fine line to walk. they can't afford too many risks right now because they're already one suttle short. if they lose another shuttle, these small setbacks will seem like nothing.
Chriztian said:
Realize it probably isn't NASA as much as the politicians which fund, or rather tend to fail to fund, NASA which are cutting into their ability to keep doing things as rapidly as in the past. The government is no longer as willing as it once was to put billions of dollars at risk for something they feel gives us no real benefits. Not too surprising considering how we're falling behind in other scientific fields as well because the government utterly fails to recognize the importance of them and their future applications.
I think that the problem is the opposite: They are being given too much money.
The willingness of congress to give NASA money encourages it to keep business as usual, instead of realizing ways to do things faster, better, and cheaper.
Look at the Discovery Missions, the missions that were put together for around 150 million a piece. They produced amazing amounts of data for the money. And compare this to the Voyager programs, which cost around 2-3 Billion in today's money.
I think NASA needs to ditch the shuttle ASAP, and figure out a new way to get to space. We have made a lot of tech developments in the past 30 years, and our space technology should reflect that. Instead, we have the shuttle, which is the "safe" way to go about getting into orbit. Tried and proven technology, all the way. This costs us. Do you know how much a single launch costs? 1.3 billion dollars! This is unacceptable for something that was designed to cut lauch expenditures.
We need another space revolution. We need NASA engineers to sit the fuck down and come up with new ideas, because there has to be a better way of doing it. And if they won't, someone else will. The X Prize was an excellent showing of that. China may be another source of innovation. If NASA doesn't act quickly, they will be left behind being the only ones still using 1960's technology
Chriztian said:
Realize it probably isn't NASA as much as the politicians which fund, or rather tend to fail to fund, NASA which are cutting into their ability to keep doing things as rapidly as in the past. The government is no longer as willing as it once was to put billions of dollars at risk for something they feel gives us no real benefits. Not too surprising considering how we're falling behind in other scientific fields as well because the government utterly fails to recognize the importance of them and their future applications.
I think that the problem is the opposite: They are being given too much money.
The willingness of congress to give NASA money encourages it to keep business as usual, instead of realizing ways to do things faster, better, and cheaper.
Look at the Discovery Missions, the missions that were put together for around 150 million a piece. They produced amazing amounts of data for the money. And compare this to the Voyager programs, which cost around 2-3 Billion in today's money.
I think NASA needs to ditch the shuttle ASAP, and figure out a new way to get to space. We have made a lot of tech developments in the past 30 years, and our space technology should reflect that. Instead, we have the shuttle, which is the "safe" way to go about getting into orbit. Tried and proven technology, all the way. This costs us. Do you know how much a single launch costs? 1.3 billion dollars! This is unacceptable for something that was designed to cut lauch expenditures.
We need another space revolution. We need NASA engineers to sit the fuck down and come up with new ideas, because there has to be a better way of doing it. And if they won't, someone else will. The X Prize was an excellent showing of that. China may be another source of innovation. If NASA doesn't act quickly, they will be left behind being the only ones still using 1960's technology
While I agree that NASA needs to ditch the shuttle and put something more modern into place, the problem they're having with the shuttle program is not the result of them getting too much money. You're right that they've been doing more with less as far as their unmanned missions go, but you can't apply that logic to manned missions, because of the exponentially increased complexity that is involved in a reusable craft with life-support systems, and the safety requirements, which will automatically put the cost through the roof. Besides, the shuttle as it exists now is the result of that same budgetary crunch and the do-more-with-less attitude, since it was only given half the budget the original design called for.
There are some intriguing ideas afloat, and something new needs to be developed, but unless we're going to ground any future manned missions for the next 10 years, NASA needs more money to fix the shuttles in addition to a new shuttle development budget. If NASA's budget were cut any further, they simply wouldn't be able to put people into space at all until a new craft was developed, and if you think anything about Burt Rutan's SpaceShipOne, which won the Ansari X-Prize, could be used to jump-start the development and production of a new shuttle, I suggest you read this page. A reusable, life-sustaining orbiter makes SpaceShipOne look like a model rocket.
Shalome said:
With countries like China now sending manned flights into orbit and US firms working on private and commercial space travel, how long will it be before NASA becomes obsolete?
I'm terrified about the idea of flying to Mars by a company owned and operated by John Carmack. Imagine the practical jokes.
I think its also time that everyone realised that the Space Station is a useless piece of space junk, and should be sent down to burn up in the atmosphere as soon as possible.
How much money do we need to spend to find out the effects of zero gravity on small screws?
Its definately time for a space revolution. According to all the old programs we should all be living on the moon in shiny silver space suits.
JohnFM1 said:
I think its also time that everyone realised that the Space Station is a useless piece of space junk, and should be sent down to burn up in the atmosphere as soon as possible.
How much money do we need to spend to find out the effects of zero gravity on small screws?
Examples of the types of U.S. research that will be performed aboard the station include:
· Protein crystal studies: More pure protein crystals may be grown in space than on Earth. Analysis of these crystals helps scientists better understand the nature of proteins, enzymes and viruses, perhaps leading to the development of new drugs and a better understanding of the fundamental building blocks of life. Similar experiments have been conducted on the Space Shuttle, although they are limited by the short duration of Shuttle flights. This type of research could lead to the study of possible treatments for cancer, diabetes, emphysema and immune system disorders, among other research.
· Tissue culture: Living cells can be grown in a laboratory environment in space where they are not distorted by gravity. NASA already has developed a Bioreactor device that is used on Earth to simulate, for such cultures, the effect of reduced gravity. Still, these devices are limited by gravity. Growing cultures for long periods aboard the station will further advance this research. Such cultures can be used to test new treatments for cancer without risking harm to patients, among other uses.
· Life in low gravity: The effects of long-term exposure to reduced gravity on humans weakening muscles; changes in how the heart, arteries and veins work; and the loss of bone density, among others will be studied aboard the station. Studies of these effects may lead to a better understanding of the bodys systems and similar ailments on Earth. A thorough understanding of such effects and possible methods of counteracting them is needed to prepare for future long-term human exploration of the solar system. In addition, studies of the gravitational effects on plants, animals and the function of living cells will be conducted aboard the station. A centrifuge, located in the Centrifuge Accommodation Module, will use centrifugal force to generate simulated gravity ranging from almost zero to twice that of Earth. This facility will imitate Earths gravity for comparison purposes; eliminate variables in experiments; and simulate the gravity on the Moon or Mars for experiments that can provide information useful for future space travels.
· Flames, fluids and metal in space: Fluids, flames, molten metal and other materials will be the subject of basic research on the station. Even flames burn differently without gravity. Reduced gravity reduces convection currents, the currents that cause warm air or fluid to rise and cool air or fluid to sink on Earth. This absence of convection alters the flame shape in orbit and allows studies of the combustion process that are impossible on Earth, a research field called Combustion Science. The absence of convection allows molten metals or other materials to be mixed more thoroughly in orbit than on Earth. Scientists plan to study this field, called Materials Science, to create better metal alloys and more perfect materials for applications such as computer chips. The study of all of these areas may lead to developments that can enhance many industries on Earth.
· The nature of space: Some experiments aboard the station will take place on the exterior of the station modules. Such exterior experiments can study the space environment and how long-term exposure to space, the vacuum and the debris, affects materials. This research can provide future spacecraft designers and scientists a better understanding of the nature of space and enhance spacecraft design. Some experiments will study the basic forces of nature, a field called Fundamental Physics, where experiments take advantage of weightlessness to study forces that are weak and difficult to study when subject to gravity on Earth. Experiments in this field may help explain how the universe developed. Investigations that use lasers to cool atoms to near absolute zero may help us understand gravity itself. In addition to investigating basic questions about nature, this research could lead to down-to-Earth developments that may include clocks a thousand times more accurate than todays atomic clocks; better weather forecasting; and stronger materials.
· Watching the Earth: Observations of the Earth from orbit help the study of large-scale, long-term changes in the environment. Studies in this field can increase understanding of the forests, oceans and mountains. The effects of volcanoes, ancient meteorite impacts, hurricanes and typhoons can be studied. In addition, changes to the Earth that are caused by the human race can be observed. The effects of air pollution, such as smog over cities; of deforestation, the cutting and burning of forests; and of water pollution, such as oil spills, are visible from space and can be captured in images that provide a global perspective unavailable from the ground.
· Commercialization: As part of the Commercialization of space research on the station, industries will participate in research by conducting experiments and studies aimed at developing new products and services. The results may benefit those on Earth not only by providing innovative new products as a result, but also by creating new jobs to make the products.
The Shuttles are pretty old. Are any of them still using magnetic core store memory?
The problems with designing and building new craft is the huge cost of development. If a product could be developed and sold to other nations it mightbring the cost down a bit. But once you've built them you have to run them until they're held together with duct-tape, which is tricky if you have living people on them. Especially with the risk-averse nature of US space flight at the moment.
Nasa does a lot more than putting heaps of junk build by the lowest bidder into space.
first and foremost nasa is researching the universe, they have far greater scope than any commercial project or any random country wishing to put a man into space.
manned space flights and supply runs to space stations are probably the least significant thing nasa does but those things are the crowdpleasers.
untill someone else starts documenting the birth of stars or the search for new and/or habitable planets and looking at all those other miracles of the galaxy why would nasa be obsolete at all?
most commercial interest into space stops at orbit or perhaps the moon, that's just where nasa's interests begin.
Humans have a "moral imperative" to open up space as a "new frontier"
He also believes that within the next decade humans will find ubiquitous life on Mars and, in our lifetime, millions of people will be going into space.
I already linked to this, but you obviously didn't read it, so here it is again.
If Richard Branson wants to fund the development, production, testing, launching, and maintenance of a brand new reusable orbiter, by all means, have at it. Somehow, though, I'm a bit skeptical that's going to happen.
Some of those sound a little tenuous...and also perhaps a little unethical.
Such as? It's poor form to dismiss a hefty rebuttal without citing anything specific with which you disagree. I don't see anything whatsoever in that list which could, in any way, be considered "unethical," and unless you explain why any of them are "tenuous," I'll assume you don't know the first thing about what you're talking about.
I'm not sure that anyone can justify the amount of money being spent on the ISS to research those things.
Luckily, they don't have to justify those things to you.
Some of those sound a little tenuous...and also perhaps a little unethical.
Such as? It's poor form to dismiss a hefty rebuttal without citing anything specific with which you disagree. I don't see anything whatsoever in that list which could, in any way, be considered "unethical," and unless you explain why any of them are "tenuous," I'll assume you don't know the first thing about what you're talking about.
I'm not sure that anyone can justify the amount of money being spent on the ISS to research those things.
Luckily, they don't have to justify those things to you.
Examples of the types of U.S. research that will be performed aboard the station include:
Protein crystal studies:
Going to cure cancer? How exactly?
Tissue culture:
Growing cells in high radiation? Yep, thatll be useful. And we can grow cells perfectly well here on earth. Growing them in zero gravity is just going to make it harder to apply any finding to natural cells.
Life in low gravity: The effects of long-term exposure to reduced gravity on humans weakening muscles; changes in how the heart, arteries and veins work; and the loss of bone density, among others will be studied aboard the station.
A tad unethical dont you think? Kind of like studying the effects of bullets on people, but slower.
Flames, fluids and metal in space:
Could be fun.
The nature of space:
this one might actually be useful
Watching the Earth:
Satellites anyone?
Commercialization
Now we get to the real point eh?
bean said:
While I agree that NASA needs to ditch the shuttle and put something more modern into place, the problem they're having with the shuttle program is not the result of them getting too much money.
Yeah, I didn't quite mean that they were actually recieving too much money....more like, they were recieving too much money for what they are putting out....i.e. congress rewards failure, and that hurts NASA.
I think it's just an example of economics.....no one was competing with NASA for a long time, and they had a monopoly (on manned space flight), and it is an inefficient use of resources, as you can see from the results NASA has been putting out.
No one can deny that NASA could be doing a lot more with the money they are getting. They just have no incentive to really invent or innovate right now.
Examples of the types of U.S. research that will be performed aboard the station include:
Protein crystal studies:
Going to cure cancer? How exactly?
Tissue culture:
Growing cells in high radiation? Yep, thatll be useful. And we can grow cells perfectly well here on earth. Growing them in zero gravity is just going to make it harder to apply any finding to natural cells.
Life in low gravity: The effects of long-term exposure to reduced gravity on humans weakening muscles; changes in how the heart, arteries and veins work; and the loss of bone density, among others will be studied aboard the station.
A tad unethical dont you think? Kind of like studying the effects of bullets on people, but slower.
Why is this sort of thing useless? I think it is necessary knowledge for any long term space stay, or long term trip
Commercialization
Now we get to the real point eh?
God yes. I hope and pray that commercialization of space _will_ happen. It's the next logical step.
Shal
Los Angeles, CA
October 2002
JUL 17, 2005 06:30 PM